![]() ![]() In fact, chlorine was used as a war gas in 1915.Įxposure to chlorine should not exceed 0.5 ppm (8-hour time-weighted average - 40 hour week). As little as 3.5 ppm can be detected as an odor, and 1000 ppm is likely to be fatal after a few deep breaths. The gas irritates the mucus membranes and the liquid burns the skin. PCBs are, because of their nature (high K ow values, hydrophobic and lipophilic), frequently attached to particles and removed to the bottom of. HandlingĬhlorine is a respiratory irritant. The larger the number of chlorine atoms in the molecule, the less soluble is the compound in water and the less volatile and more persistent (or less prone to degradation) it is in the environment. Organic chemistry demands much from chlorine, both as an oxidizing agent and in substitution, since it often brings many desired properties in an organic compound when substituted for hydrogen, as in one form of synthetic rubber. Further use is in the manufacture of chlorates, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and in the extraction of bromine. Most of the chlorine produced is used in the manufacture of chlorinated compounds for sanitation, pulp bleaching, disinfectants, and textile processing. It is also extensively used in the production of paper products, dyestuffs, textiles, petroleum products, medicines, antiseptics, insecticides, food, solvents, paints, plastics, and many other consumer products. Even the smallest water supplies are now usually chlorinated. ![]() It is used for producing safe drinking water the world over. UsesĬhlorine is widely used in making many everyday products. At 10☌ one volume of water dissolves 3.10 volumes of chlorine, at 30☌ only 1.77 volumes. It is a member of the halogen (salt-forming) group of elements and is obtained from chlorides by the action of oxidizing agents and more often by electrolysis it is a greenish-yellow gas, combining directly with nearly all elements. In nature it is found in the combined state only, chiefly with sodium as common salt (NaCl), carnallite, and sylvite. Chlorine was named in 1810 by Davy, who insisted it was an element. Discovered in 1774 by Scheele, who thought it contained oxygen. The most common compound of chlorine, sodium chloride, has been known since ancient times archaeologists have found evidence that rock salt was used as early as 3000 BC and brine as early as 6000 BC. This chemical, when used in small doses, has no side effects in large doses, however, it is fatal.ħ, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, −1 (a strongly acidic oxide)įrom the Greek word chloro, greenish yellow. Some tree frogs contain a chlorine compound in their skin that is a very powerful pain killer.
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